Solving the Problems of Fish, Shrimp and Crab Larvae
Difficulty in First Feeding · Low Survival Rate · Slow Growth
Four Major Biological Feeds for Precise Breakthrough Solutions
Three major challenges in global aquaculture hatchery : low initial feeding rate, high mortality rate and slow growth during the larval rearing stage.
Scientific solutions · Four products for precise resolution
Problem ① Difficulty in larval first feeding & low early survival rate
Core Pain Points
- Small mouthparts of larvae, mismatched particle size of ordinary compound feed, resulting in low first feeding rate
- Insufficient early nutrition leads to poor intestinal development and a sharp drop in survival rate
- Low-protein starter feed cannot meet the rapid development needs of larvae
Scientific Solution — High-Quality Frozen Natural Brine Shrimp
Brine shrimp significantly improves fish larval survival rate
The survival rate of tilapia larvae fed brine shrimp reached (98.00±0.54)%, significantly higher than that of the low-protein feed group (92.00±1.50%); meanwhile, the intestinal tissue structure was better and the abundance of beneficial flora was higher.
Frozen adult brine shrimp significantly improves the survival rate of Marsupenaeus japonicus.
A combined diet of artificial feed + frozen adult brine shrimp achieved the highest survival rate among all treatment groups in the experiment.
Increasing brine shrimp feeding rate continuously improves survival rate.
Experiments on Litopenaeus vannamei hatchery show that increasing brine shrimp supplementation significantly improves survival rate at the PL15 stage, with the effect persisting through the PL35 stage.
- 王晓蒙等. 不同开口饵料对罗非鱼发育早期肠道菌群结构的影响[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(5): 1032-1042.
- 蒋湘，刘建勇等. 不同饵料对日本囊对虾的生长与存活的影响[J]. 水产养殖， 2018, (1): 8-12.
- Ramena Y, Fawole F J, Martorana F, Bosteels T, Singha K P, Yadav A K, Kumar V. Assessing the impact of enhanced dietary levels of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana co-fed with microparticle diet on the rearing of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae[C]// World Aquaculture Society Meeting Proceedings. 2023.
Problem ② Slow growth rate · Weak disease resistance
Core Pain Points
- Low digestibility of feed protein leads to slow weight gain and prolonged breeding cycle
- Lack of natural antibacterial substances makes larvae susceptible to pathogens
- High fish meal prices impose significant cost pressure
Scientific Solution — High-Quality Frozen Housefly Larvae
Housefly Larvae Protein Improves Shrimp Growth and Intestinal Microbiota
Fermented and high-temperature pelleted housefly larvae protein significantly enhances growth performance and survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei, while increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria (Ruegeria and Pseudomonas) and inhibiting harmful bacteria.
Insect protein contains antimicrobial peptides, enhancing immunity
Insect protein is rich in natural active substances such as antimicrobial peptides and chitin, which significantly improve growth, immunity and disease resistance of aquatic animals, making it a high-quality alternative to fish meal.
Antimicrobial Peptides Enhance Disease Resistance
Supplementation of insect antimicrobial peptides (100–150 mg/kg) in feed significantly increases weight gain rate of Cherax quadricarinatus, strengthens resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila, and improves survival rate.
- Li X, Yang L, Jiang S, et al. Effect of Fly Maggot Protein as Dietary on Growth and Intestinal Microbial Community of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Biology, 2023, 12(11): 1433.
- 曹岩磊, 鲁耀鹏, 许嘉芮, 等. 几种昆虫的人工培育及其在水产饲料中的应用进展[J]. 水产养殖, 2023, 44(01): 18-23.
- Zhang Z L, Meng Y Q, Li J J, Zhang X X, Li J T, Xu J R, Zheng P H, Xian J A, Lu Y P. Effects of antimicrobial peptides from dietary Hermetia illucens larvae on the growth, immunity, gene expression, intestinal microbiota and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of juvenile red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) [J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2024, 147: 109437.
Problem ③ Insufficient Essential Fatty Acids (DHA/EPA) · Poor Development
Core Pain Points
- Marine fish and shrimp larvae have limited ability to synthesize DHA/EPA on their own and must obtain them from feed
- Rotifers and Artemia naturally contain insufficient DHA/EPA and require additional nutrient enrichment.
- A lack of DHA/EPA leads to larval deformities and low survival rates.
Scientific Solution — High-Quality Frozen Copepods
Copepods contain much higher DHA/EPA than Artemia and require no enrichment
Copepods have a protein content of 73.4% (dry weight), EPA content of 10.7 mg/g, and DHA content of 17.6 mg/g — far higher than Artemia.Their natural DHA:EPA ratio is close to the optimal 2:1, allowing direct use in hatchery production.
Copepods Have Higher Nutritional Value Than Rotifers and Artemia
Copepod nauplii and adults are rich in essential fatty acids, amino acids and vitamins, which are crucial for the immune system and organ development of fish and shrimp larvae. Their nutritional value is higher than that of rotifers and Artemia.
Marine fish have strict requirements for LC-PUFA
Marine fish have limited ability to synthesize DHA/EPA and must be supplied with pre-formed LC-PUFA in their diet; demand for EPA and DHA is highest during the larval stage.
- 刘凤岐. 桡足类在水产育苗中的应用 [EB/OL]. 牧通人才网, 2021.
- Jepsen P. Document essential omega 3, 6 and 9 fatty acids in AR copepods [R]. Organic RDD 8 – ORACLE-FISH, 2023.
- Frontiers in Marine Science. Introduction: Lipids in marine fish larvae [J]. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021.
Problem ④ Low Feeding Rate · Poor Attractancy · Feed Waste
Core Pain Points
- Formulated feeds have poor attractiveness, leading to inactive feeding by larvae and residual feed polluting water quality.
- Lack of natural feeding attractants results in low feed utilization efficiency.
- Insufficient feeding during critical larval stages impairs growth potential in later periods.
Scientific Solution — High-Quality Frozen Flower Clam Meat
Frozen/Fresh Clam Meat Improves Growth Rate and Survival of Shrimp
In a 45-day culture trial, banana shrimp fed clam meat achieved a weight gain rate of 369.8%, significantly higher than the commercial pellet group (173.9%) and ragworm group (240.4%).For survival rate, the 100% pellet group had the lowest survival (23.3%), while treatments with clam meat showed significantly higher survival, reaching up to 60%.Increasing the proportion of clam meat also tended to increase the biomass of banana shrimp.
Taurine: The Optimal Feeding Stimulant for Shrimp
Research conducted by the Japan Higashito Aquaculture Research Institute shows that taurine is the best feeding attractant additive in shrimp diets, with feeds containing taurine exhibiting the best feeding response. Fresh clams are the richest natural source of taurine.
Combination of Artificial Feed + Fresh Clam Meat Optimizes Shrimp Culture Performance
Among the five feeding regimens tested, the combination of formulated feed plus fresh clam meat ranked second only to the optimal group (formulated feed + frozen adult Artemia), yielding faster growth rate and lower feed conversion ratio.It was significantly superior to feeding formulated feed alone (P < 0.05).Survival rate ranged from (71.86 ± 9.05)% to (86.89 ± 3.11)%.
- Meenakshi M, Pillai S M, Gopal C, Bindhuja M D. Preliminary studies on the effects of live and pellet feeds on growth and survival of early juveniles of banana shrimp, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis [J]. Journal of Industrial Pollution Control, 2010.
- 张平远. 牛磺酸可调节营养元素平衡 [J]. 水产科技情报, 2005(3).
- 蒋湘， 曹家辉， 文赵明， 冉春丽， 刘永奎， 刘建勇. 不同饵料对日本囊对虾的生长与存活的影响 [J]. 水产养殖, 2018, 39(1): 8-12.